Flow retarder for compressors



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H. A. WHITESEL.

FLOW RETARDER FOR COMPRESSORS Filed Jan. l1, 1934 T-`i ;l.

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.Patented Oct. 155 1935 T E i UNITED ST PATENT oFFiE 2,917,101 y FLowmarihuana ron comnassoas Harry A. Whitesel, Fort Wayne, Ind., assignorto General Electric Company, a corporation of f' New York ApplicationJanuary 11, 1934, serial No. '106,219

(ci. sz-1) 9 Claims.

on such machines.

Refrigerating machines are frequently provided with pressure responsivedevices for limiting the pressure which may be developed on the highpressure side of the machine. .These devices stop the operation of themachine when a predetermined high pressure has been reached. Itsometimes becomes necessary to remove the pressure responsive device inorder to readjust or repair it, and on such occasions it is necessary toprovide some means for stopping the loss of refrigerant gas when thepressure connection is opened. The flow of gas may be stopped by a valvearranged between the high pressure side and the connection for thepressure responsive device. However, there is some danger attending theuse of such an arrangement since if the valve is left closed after themachine is again placed in operation dangerous pressures may resultsince the safety device would be rendered non-responsive to the pressurein the machine.

It is an object of my invention to provide a refrigerating machinehaving a pressure limiting device, the connections Qf which may beremoved without substantial loss of refrigerant and without danger ofcompletely cutting of! the connection between the refrigerating machineand the pressure responsive device when the device is reconnected.

Another object of my invention is to provide a flow responsive devicefor limiting the flow of compressed gas, as for example, from arefrigerating machine when a mechanism such as a pressure responsivedevice is removed therefrom.

Further objects and advantages of Vmy invention will become apparent asthe following description proceeds, and the features of novelty whichcharacterize my invention will be pointed out with particularity in theclaims annexed to` and forming a part of this specification.

For a better understanding of my invention reference may be had to theaccompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a side sectional elevation of arefrigerating machine partly in section provided with a flow retardingdevice embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 is an enlarged detailsectional view of the flow retarding device shown in Fig. A1.

Referring now to the drawing, in Fig. 1 I have shown a refrigeratingmachine including a closed compression casing Ill mounted on a base IIwhich in this case is theremovable top of a refrigerator cabinet. Withinthe casing Il) is arranged a motor and compressor unit l2 resilientlymounted on springs I3. Refrigerant is compressed within the casing I0and flows through'a 5 connection I4 to a condenser I5 where `it isliqueed and iiows through a'conduit I6 to a. flow controlling device orfloat valve Il, from whence it flows in regulated quantities through aconduit I8 to an evaporator I9 which "is -supported 10 on legs 20 belowthe top II. The liquid refrigerant within the evaporator I9 isvaporizedupon absorption of heat from the interior of the-refrigerator cabinet,and the vapor collects in a header 2l from which it is withdrawn througha suction conduit 22 and returns to the compressor within the casingIII. A motor 23 driving a fan 23a is provided -to cool the casing I0 andthe condenser l5. A control switch 24 is provided to start and stop themotor of the unit I2 in ac cordance with the temperature of theevaporator I9, or the space being cooled thereby.

Under some conditions of operation, such as might be produced by toohigh a temperature of the air circulated about the casing lll and the 25condenser I5, excessive pressures might be generated within the casingand condenser which are on the high pressure side of the refrigeratingsystem. In order to prevent this, the control 24 is provided with anexpansible bellows 25 con- 30 nected by a conduit 26 with the casing I0.When a predetermined safe high pressure limit is reached within thecasing I0 and the condenser, the bellows 25 causes the control 24 tooperate and stop the operation of the refrigerating machine 35 until thepressure in the casing I0 is reduced to a safe limit. It is sometimesnecessary in order y to readjust or repair the control 24 and thebellows 25 to disconnect the conduit 26 from the casing I0. In such caseit is apparent that some ar- 0 rangement must bel provided to preventthe escape of compressed refrigerant from the high pressurek side of thesystem.

In accordance with my invention I provide a connection whereby theconduit leading to the 45 pressure responsive control may readily bedetached or removed from the high pressure side of the refrigeratingmachine, and within the connection I arrange an orifice or a pluralityof ori-l ces of such dimensions that while the pressure responsivedevice is connected to the high pressure side .of the machine, therewill be ample communication to provide proper operation of the pressureresponsive device, and when the pressure responsive mechanism is removedfrom the machine the iiow of gas through the oriiices will be so limitedor retarded `that only a small amount of gas will leak out of therefrigerating' machine.

In the embodiment of my invention illusinated in the drawing, andparticularly as shown in Fig. 2, I provide a hollowbushing or connection21 welded at 28 or otherwise secured to the casing l0. The connection 21is provided with a;

screw threaded portion 29 and the conduit 26 is securely held in placeby a threaded sleeve 3| having a shoulder 32 retaining a flared portion3U of the conduit 26 against a beveled edge 33 of the connection 21 toprovide a pressure tight joint. In order to prevent any substantialleakage of compressed gas from one casing I 0 when the conduit 26 isremoved, I arrange onekor more cup-shaped inserts 34 within theconnection 21 to provide a series of chambers 34a. Each of the inserts34 is provided with an oriilce 35 in the center thereof aiordingcommunication between the chambers 34a, and a iine mesh screen 36prevents clogging of these orices by particles which might be present inthe refrigerating machine. The inserts 34 are held securely in placeagainst a shoulder31 formed by a reduced portion of the bore of theconnector, the inner edge of the connector being swaged over against aring 38 which bears against the screen 36 and clamps the screen and theinserts against the shoulder 31.

In the operation of the refrigerating machine shown, when it is desiredto remove the pressureY .the conduit 26 is removed from the connection21.

It is apparent from the foregoing that I have provided a simple andrugged device for connecting pressure responsive mechanism such ascollapsible bellows for operating safety overload switches,l or thelike, which prevents any substantial loss of refrigerant from the systemwhen for any reason it becomes necessary to disconnect- -e pressureresponsive device.

While I have described a particular embodiment of my invention asapplied to a compression refrigerating machine 'other uses will bereadily apparent to those skilled in the art, and I do not desire myinvention to be limited to the specic embodiment shown and described,and I intend in the appended claims to cover all modiiications withinthe spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is:

1. A refrigerating machine containing uid under pressure, a pressureresponsive device, a detachable connection between said device and saidrefrgerating machine, and means for isolating a portion of the fluidpassing to said connection and setting up turbulent currents therein tominimize the 4escape of fluid from said machinev I through saidconnection when said device is dissponsivedevice communicating with saidrefrigerating machine for limiting the pressure of the Iluid in saidrefrigerating machine, means for detachably connecting said device tosaid machine, and means including a plurality of orifices 5 arranged inseries between said refrigerating machine and said connecting means forretarding the flow of compressed gas from said machine when said deviceis detached.

3. A' refrigerating machine including a closed 10' compression casing, apressure responsive device i for limiting the pressure within saidcasing, a conduit providing communication between said casing and saiddevice, means for detachably connecting said conduit between said deviceand 15 said casing, and means including a plurality of. orices arrangedbetween said casing and said connecting means for' limiting the ow ofcompressed gas from said casingwhen said connecting means is detached.

4. A refrigerating machine containing a fluid under pressure, and meansincluding a pressure responsive device and a detachable conduitcommunicating with said refrigerating machine for limiting the pressurewithin said refrigerating g5 machine, said means including a connectorhaving a plurality of cup-shaped inserts provided with orices affordingcommunication between lsaid conduit and said connector for retarding thepressure responsive device including a collapsible 35 bellows forstopping said compressing means in response to a predetermined highpressure within said casing, and a detachable conduit connecting saidcasing and said bellows, and means including an orifice for isolating aportion ofthe 40 gas passing to said connection and setting up turbulentcurrents therein to minimize the escape ci' gas from said machine 'whensaid bellowsis disconnected from said casing.

6. A refrigerating machine containing a uid 45 under-pressure, apressure responsive device communicating with said refrigeratingmachine, means for detachably connecting said device to said machine,and means including a plurality of orices arranged -in series betweensaid refrig- 50 erating machine and said connecting means for retardingthe ow of compressed gas from said machine when said device is detached.

7. A refrigerating machine containing a fluid under pressure, a pressureresponsive device com- 55 municating with said refrigerating machine,means including a hollow bushing for detachably connecting said deviceto said machine, and means including a plurality of cup-shaped insertswithin said bushing for isolating a portion 30 of the fluid passingthrough said bushing and setting up turbulent currents therein tominimize the escapeof iluid from said machine through said bushing whensaid device is disu connected from said machine.

8. A refrigerating machine containing a iiui under pressure, a pressureresponsive device communicating with said refrigerating machine, meansincluding a hollow bushing for detachably connecting said device to saidmachine, and means including a plurality of cup-shaped inseri's withinsaid bushing for isolating a portion of the iluid passing through saidbushing and setting up turbulent currents therein to minimize u ammo?the escape of fluid from said machine through said bushing when saiddevice is disconnected from said machine, each of said inserts having anorice therein, said oriiices being arranged in series and affordingcommunication between the ends of said bushing.

9. A refrigerating machine containing a uid under pressure, a pressureresponsive device com` municating with said refrigerating machine, meansincluding-a hollow bushing having an annular shoulder formed therein fordetachably connecting said device to said machine, means including aplurality of cup-shaped inserts arranged within said bushing forretarding the flow of compressed gas from said machine when said deviceis detached, each of said inserts having an orifice therein, saidorifices affording a communication between the ends of said bushing,means including a screen for preventing clogging of said oriices, andmeans for holding said inserts against said annular shoulder.

HARRY A. WHITESEL.y

